```Poverty and low-income status are associated with a variety of adverse health outcomes, including shorter life expectancy, higher rates of infant mortality, and higher death rates for the 14 leading causes of death.4,5 These effects are mediated through individual- and community-level mechanisms.6 For individuals, poverty restricts the resources used to avoid risks and adopt healthy behaviors.7 Poverty also affects the built environment (i.e., the human-made physical parts of the places where people live, work, and play, including buildings, open spaces, and infrastructure), services, culture, and reputation of communities, all of which have independent effects on health outcomes.8 Location matters, and there are often dramatic differences in health care delivery and health outcomes between communities that are only a few miles apart. For example, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) found that there is a 25-year difference in average life expectancy between inner city and suburban neighborhoods for babies born in New Orleans, LA, and there is a 14-year difference in average life expectancy between two Kansas City, MO, neighborhoods that are roughly three miles apart.```
