Plus, the Byzantine Empire, that spoke Greek, had a Greek background and followed the Orthodox Christianity also considered themselves "Romans"

Most of the barbarians kept themselves as a separate elite class when they conquered Rome.

Roman citizenship is not equal to ethnicity. Saint Paul was a Jew, but with Roman citizenship

They bred with each other, my friend

The Goths, Lombards, and Normans were small groups in the area and did very little interbreeding so no, and you are not my friend.

Generally keep these saved for discussions about Romans and Italians.

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That needs to be added to the server reactions

Interesting. Ancient italians are largely the same as modern italians. From the first picture, the only other place with this genetic preservation is in Finland?

In Europe yes

The Japanese are very homogenous too

Yeah I knew the Japanese were.

What has diluted the rest of Europe? Africa, Middle East?

It's not necessarily non Europeans, to my knowledge, but simply other types of Europeans.

Europeans from Scandinavia aren't identical to Europeans from Spain. There's been some degree of interbreeding

France ruled Britain for such a long time that the official language there was French. They mixed together of course

Germany has grown, and shrank, many times

The only thing that this confirms is that the gene pool within the Italian peninsula has remained consistent, largely thanks to the Mediterranean and the Alps. Other countries do not have these barriers and thus mix with each other more easily and you can see certain traces.

When the Turks came, they wiped out entire villages. So no doubt a lot of people moved west if they heard trouble was coming

Royalty however, they are all mixed up. The English monarchy are German

Granted you'd find more traces of Uralic and Turkic in Eastern Europe gene pools but despite memes those influences are negligible.

They're all Europeans but varying types.

I meant refugees

Easterners fleeing west and settling there eventually

No, you're absolutely right. I was only adding in to the original question about dilution about non Europeans.

Yeah the Muslims never made it into the heartland for any measurable length of time

Even in Spain they didn't breed much.

Hardly at all.

Catholics aren't allowed to marry non-Christians, and in that time there was only Catholicism. Muslims even today, the men can only marry Muslims, Jews, and Christians, but the women can only marry other Muslims

And when a minority ethnic group rules over a majority of another ethnicity, very rarely if ever will they intermarry

Like the Qing Empire, who aren't Han Chinese.

Such was also the case of the Goths who conquered Rome

Not likely that a Roman is gonna meet someone online or marry a foreign girl on vacation

ah okay, so it's really just the rest of Europe has all mixed together

More likely in the modern era yeah

Today's Englishman doesn't care if you're a Pict, Saxon, etc

In the old days it wasn't that common for someone to even leave his village in his lifetime

And these tribes did not often like each other

@Andrules For the record, it's unlikely that _all_ of Europe is mixed together. For clarification, it's more likely that you'll find bits of the ancient Celts strewn about throughout Europe, with spatterings of various German and Slavic tribes about. Chances are the mixing will be from someone next to them. Like people having Polish genes in Germany, or French in the Netherlands. Not going to be finding the Norse in Spain, for instance. My pictures were just saying that Italy has not mixed effectively at all, with fellow Europeans or otherwise.