plain

ya-wn

"In an EXPERIMENT , the "INDEPENDENT VARIABLE" is the variable that is VARIED or MANIPULATED BY THE RESEARCHER , and the dependent variable is the response that is measured.
An "INDEPENDENT VARIABLE" is the presumed "CAUSE" , whereas the dependent variable is the presumed "EFFECT" .
The IV is the antecedent, whereas the DV is the consequent."
http://www2.uncp.edu/home/collierw/ivdv.htm

Independent Variable: The variable that is stable and unaffected by the other variables you are trying to measure. It refers to the condition of an EXPERIMENT that is SYSTEMATICALLY MANIPULATED BY THE INVESTIGATOR . It is the PRESUMED CAUSE ."
University of Southern California.
http://libguides.usc.edu/writingguide/variables

Independent Variable: The variable that the scientist changes during the experiment is the independent variable. Think of the experiment as a "cause and effect" exercise. The independent variable is the "cause" factor.
https://sciencing.com/dependent-independent-controlled-variables-8360093.html
Research Guides: Organizing Your Social Sciences Research Paper: I...
This guide provides advice on how to develop and organize a research paper in the social and behavioral sciences.
Sciencing
What Are Dependent, Independent & Controlled Variables?
The independent variable is the one the scientist changes during an expert, ...

Anything predictive about a hypothesis is a model

some are more complicated than others

too many theories... too many know it alls...

Models are religions

You literally make predictions with your model, it simplifies things

@Human Sheeple wrong again

how can you be so wrong abou something so simple?

lol 1800's

model = religion

a time where people were heavily brainwashed

go back to the 1400's

No thank you, I do not conform to your religion

not a religino, just part of scientific method that makes a testable prediction

I can show you with cause and effect scientific method, light will bend towards the more refractive medium using SNELL'S LAW.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snell%27s_law

how can someone film a nuke?

sure atmosphere causes distortion of images taht's true

but we know all the math for that

and the camera doesn't get destroyed?

Please bring us your testable predictions associated with *light curving up through layers of air of decreasing temperature with elevation*

there's science

and then there's

common

sense

We know air gets colder with altitude, this is called Lapse rate:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapse_rate

And then we can compare it to the Globe to see

@Human Sheeple can i use wikipedia as a source too?

We know cold air has a higher refractive index than warm air.

l0l u guys brainwashed haha!

Sure I can : @Human Sheeple Types of experiment
Experiments might be categorized according to a number of dimensions, depending upon professional norms and standards in different fields of study. In some disciplines (e.g., psychology or political science), a 'true experiment' is a method of social research in which there are two kinds of variables. The independent variable is manipulated by the experimenter, and the dependent variable is measured. The signifying characteristic of a true experiment is that it randomly allocates the subjects to neutralize experimenter bias, and ensures, over a large number of iterations of the experiment, that it controls for all confounding factors.[14]

So please show me the experiment that proves your observations is caused by:
Spherical Earth
NOT
Up curving refraction

your own source refutes your understanding of experiment

@Human Sheeple that's two differetn models