if desert were barrier there would be a silk road retard

sahara is a great barrier and you can simply see that north africa developed completely differently to subsaharan africa

Exactly

subsaharan africa was barely connected to the outside owrld

wrong

there were some contacts, but not many

its because if the arab invasion

you are completely wrong on everything

stop posting

This is why Rome never expanded south

NO

bro learn history

thats not why

North africa was already developed in antiquity you moron

Imagine if Rome invaded all Africa

Holy shit

north africa had egypt, had carthage and other phoenician colonies

sahara is not the only desert in the world fucking retard

but its by far the largest

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It's the biggest one

also the hightened competition between civilizations in europe was much greater

in north africa also

and all deserts are hindrances

not really

Soul is trolling

in africa there was much more land available

What if the African continent experienced snowy winters

well I meet many people who see only black-white and cant see any nuances at all

so competition down there was rather weak as you couldnt make use of it all anyways

he can only do 1-0, he sees there was a trade route through sahara

so he says there was a contact

but he wont consider how intensive it was compared to europe or asia

Imagine if the Roman empire managed to cross the Sahara

so europe's size in particular provides perfect conditions for innovations

and developement of tech

as opposed to stagnation

same with arable land, theres not much arable land in africa at all, but there is SOME, so he thinks its rather 1 than 0

Soul go to sleep

and doesnt get that europe has 1 on this scale and africa 0.2-0.3

>Imagine if the Roman empire managed to cross the Sahara
irrational move