Message from @Citizen Z
Discord ID: 543158357016707121
citizen, you believe the earth is flat right?
Then I'm done till you see whats going on
if you were on a hill and someone lit a candle 50 kms away
would you be able to see it
well, no
your own source says no
it does
"you can even see a candle flame flickering up to 30 mi. (48 km) away"
BuT GOOGle Is CoNtRoLED B Y GOVERNMENT
kek
well, your own source only says to 48 km 😹
yes
what is 48 rounded up
also there is this
```
On a clear night, you can see the Andromeda galaxy with the naked eye, which is 2.25 million light years away.
```
You want info?
BuT SpAcE Is FaKe
@Papi Perro that angle is steep not shallow
Do you want info?
where did you get your info
if it's an article then I'll read it
I just can't do videos
Scientific books and studies
how can you trust them then?
Use your brain and have discernment?
If science isn’t real your point is invalid.
ok so
This is how angular resolution works physically in the eye.
https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/379214321907007488/459802853524111361/1_EN.png
Cameras work the same way.
The cones of the retina is a zoom in of the eye. If the angular size of the target is not enough to activate more than a single cones/sensor the object is unresolvable.
There are 3 ways to decrease angular separation.
1. Move the two separate targets further or closer together.
2.Increase the distance.
3. Change the angle of view.
https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/379214321907007488/459805458644074511/angseperation.jpg
First here is a demonstration of how angle of view changes the angular separation of 2 targets. https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/379214321907007488/459806914331541504/unknown.png
For example in this image, as the stop sign's angular size shrinks from distance or angle, the image that prjected onto the retina also shrinks. Eventually it will reach such as small size the eye can not physically detect the light. https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/379214321907007488/459808085436006410/refraction_cornea.png
A geometric analogy would be closing a pair of scissors. When the scissor tips are closer together than the spacing between the rods and cones of the eye then you get to see the target. The point where the tips cross from too close to normal vision is the angular resolution.
https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/379214321907007488/459817803038326784/unknown.png
https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/379214321907007488/459818062858682368/65116694_resized550bbc_sg_g4_eye.png
When the angle of view becomes to much it pretty much goes parallel, but you lose sight of the ground before that. It's the same on the globe too but even worse because the angle of view is increasing quicker because of the curving away of the ball surface.
These next images show someone how the angle stays the same but the area that you are actually observing increases. You can see the 5th image how the bottom of a building would disappear.
https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/379214321907007488/459819761644077057/unknown.png
https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/379214321907007488/459813762132869126/ang1.png
https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/379214321907007488/459813783464968206/ang2.png
https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/379214321907007488/459813767576813578/ang4.png
https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/379214321907007488/459813769548267542/ang5.png
They are using this stuff for self-driving cars. To automate the driving they have to turn the perspective view into an orthographic top down view.
https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/379214321907007488/459807394109849600/fig_2.png
https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/379214321907007488/459807507745996810/hqdefault.png
https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/379214321907007488/459818062858682368/65116694_resized550bbc_sg_g4_eye.png
The soure of that image.. http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/0/20937803
Even though the title is BS. No one sees further. You ONLY capture more light.
This is how they build telescopes, to capture light.
Large telescope are reflectors. The larger convex lens gets the more distortion. So they made this. It all works the same generally speaking. A telescope will only help so much. It depends on the light collecting ability that is determined by the diameter of the lens. Some of these aren't built yet...
https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/379214321907007488/460954948222320640/512px-Comparison_optical_telescope_primary_mirrors.png
They are making the lens bigger not building 15 mile long telescopes.
Here is a demonstration of angular resultion effects with an eye charts 1D is distance from chart 2D is 2 time the distance etc...
https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/379214321907007488/460955465246048256/unknown.png
Optical and Geographical Slant.
Links to PDFs and resources.
https://archive.org/details/perceptionofvisu00jame
http://faculty.psy.ohio-state.edu/todd/group/Shape%20from%20Texture/Todd-2007-jov-7-12-9.pdf
http://wexler.free.fr/library/files/todd%20%282005%29%20the%20effects%20of%20field%20of%20view%20on%20the%20perception%20of%203D%20slant%20from%20texture.pdf
http://wexler.free.fr/library/files/flock%20%281965%29%20optical%20texture%20and%20linear%20perspective%20as%20stimuli%20for%20slant%20perception.pdf
https://www.csc2.ncsu.edu/faculty/healey/download/tap.12.pdf
Source video to shorter version:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8yjTuaHHsTM
A short video explanation: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QNg5wqYKkJE
Accompanying information and imagery to go with the above PDFs and resources.
"As he looks downward toward his feet the slant approaches zero, as he looks upward the slant increases, as the center of ckesr vision approaches the horizon the slant becomes maximal, and at the horizon itself the land ceases to be a surface and becomes an edge."
https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/458196098767388674/461973747197411339/Screenshot_20180628-121601_Drive.jpg
https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/458196098767388674/461973747776094228/Screenshot_20180628-121640_Drive.jpg
https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/458196098767388674/459444571332411412/Screenshot_20180621-113400_Drive.jpg
https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/458099953349427210/461804044697075712/unknown-35-1-1.png
Next we have what is called Spatial Disorientation & Visual Illusions which includes our visible horizon. Sometimes called the offing, this apparent line is where the sky meets the ground and is being perceived as an edge because of perspective due geographical slant and other optical phenomena.
Visible Horizon 1
https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/379214321907007488/462039366013812748/Screenshot_20180628-141432_Chrome.jpg
Offing
https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/379214321907007488/462038361121619968/Screenshot_20180628-141841_Chrome.jpg
Visible Horizon 2
https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/379214321907007488/462038361612222465/Screenshot_20180623-163225_Chrome-2.jpg
"In the offing"
https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/379214321907007488/462038360362582038/Screenshot_20180628-143947_Chrome.jpg
False visual reference illusion
https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/379214321907007488/462038359708008450/Screenshot_20180628-144334_Drive.jpg
Spatial orientation & Visual Illusions
https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/379214321907007488/462038361121619969/Screenshot_20180628-144237_Drive.jpg
Angular Resolution https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/458196098767388674/459052120495095818/Angular_Resolution_01_v001.webp
https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/458196098767388674/459052123091632138/Angular_Resolution_02_v001.webp
https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/458196098767388674/459052121896124436/Angular_Resolution_03_v002_1.webp
https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/458196098767388674/459052121065783297/Angular_Resolution_04_v002.webp
https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/458196098767388674/459052122537721856/Angular_Resolution_05_v004.webp
https://plus.google.com/116502556172406985386/posts/Qegqk1jSNEE
https://plus.google.com/116502556172406985386/posts/fzjPdL8H7FX
https://plus.google.com/116502556172406985386/posts/4D6qoxFBSEy
Imagine this cone is one of your eye cells at the back of your retina
That's the "angular resolution"
At 5.4km, an object must be AT LEAST 4.8m in diameter to register as a single pixel
Even looking straight and level that pixel will merge with the horizon
An object would disappear bottom first https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/458196098767388674/466295250198200320/DeepinScreenshot_select-area_20180710085940.png at 2000 meters https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/458196098767388674/466295250701385728/DeepinScreenshot_select-area_20180710091613.png at 5432m the bottom half of your angular resolution is gone https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/379214321907007488/466288992611205154/DeepinScreenshot_select-area_20180710085513.png
https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/379214321907007488/468546464780386306/Airy_disk_spacing_near_Rayleigh_criterion.png basically asking show him visually what is inbetween the two lights after they have merged
Duh that can't be shown visually. that is the point https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/379214321907007488/468552326093996033/ConeMosaics.jpg The other end of the cone is size of the space in between the cells of the retina. Striking a single rod or cone can't form and image. https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/379214321907007488/468552750024622112/rayc.gif Think of the 2 peaks as activating a cell each. Two basically right next to each other. As the angle shrinks, like in the middle image, the cells will be weakly activated creating a partially merged image. In the last image the angle is so small only one cell can activate.
It looks like a point.
Even though what the person could be looking at is 100 ft tall but 300 miles away. https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/379214321907007488/468554746073186306/unknown.png
Imagine the point on this grid are the cells of the eye. The circle is what is projected by the lens on to the retina
It covers enough cells to form an image. https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/379214321907007488/468555465245327380/unknown.png this projected circle is slightly smaller an can only cover one cell and will never form a discernible image
Let's work from the center of vision out to the edges , Up (sky) Down (ground) So this image https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/379214321907007488/468559885718519848/unknown.png Below the blue you can only see ground
Above sky.
Now how do we bring the max viewing distance into focus?
max viewing distance of the ground
that is... We can only use the bottom half of our vision.
The central part is unresolvable.
The upper part is looking for the sky. The angle between B and C is fixed. We will say the same as the eye .02 degrees. So we are seeing above and below the blue cone but not the cone itself. Like seeing the horizon...the horizon is unresolvable...but the ground leading to it and the sky above it we can see. Question: So what happens when line A to C gets parallel to the ground? Answer: Whatever is in the cone is gone, the cone turns to a line. Exactly and what's in that cone. Anything in a line extending from A to C to infinity will never intersect the ground . But the cone is the area between B and C. So the ground stops at B , anything above point C can only see sky. So the cone in the drawing is the unresolvable part of the camera lens or our vision.
ok what the actual heck
The cone does reverse inside the eye.
Light is projected on to the retina. We don't see things directly.
It goes through the lens is projected and inverted. https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/379214321907007488/466469361562026015/kan_ch26_f001.png https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/379214321907007488/466469513500688384/retinaimage.png Those images are right for a single point of light. This is part of another misconception. https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/379214321907007488/468563187713835020/unknown.png This illustrate how we would see a SINGLE point of light. Say a single photon reflecting off the molecule of a wall
Take notice how it emanates in a sphere. Now what we see is the light reflecting from EVERY molecule spherical , and traveling out. The important thing is this. The airy disks I started with.
That is what EACH point is.
Trillions (probably more) of points of light. We don't see each point. We can only differentiate points to the angular resolution limit.
So a trillion points in a 4 ft space at 3 miles looks like a point. Think of the horizon as a bunch of points of light, and not as a building , a boat or mountain.
Then equate an entire object to a point of light. As far as the angle goes. The angular size on an object has the same angular size when projected onto the retina.